THE COLORS
THE NUMBERS
BASIC VERBS
Enlace de la lista de verbos que veras a continuación:
Enlace de la lista de verbos que veras a continuación:
INFINITIVO
|
PASADO SIMPLE
|
PARTICIPIO PASADO
|
TRADUCCIÓN
|
Arise
|
Arose
|
Arisen
|
Surgir,
Levantarse
|
Awake
|
Awoke
|
Awoken
|
Despertarse
|
Be/ am,
are, is
|
Was / Were
|
Been
|
Ser /
Estar
|
Bear
|
Bore
|
Borne /
Born
|
Soportar,
dar a luz
|
Beat
|
Beat
|
Beaten
|
Golpear
|
Become
|
Became
|
Become
|
Llegar a
Ser
|
Begin
|
Began
|
Begun
|
Empezar
|
Bend
|
Bent
|
Bent
|
Doblar
|
Bet
|
Bet
|
Bet
|
Apostar
|
Bind
|
Bound
|
Bound
|
Atar,
encuadernar
|
Bid
|
Bid
|
Bid
|
Pujar
|
Bite
|
Bit
|
Bitten
|
Morder
|
Bleed
|
Bled
|
Bled
|
Sangrar
|
Blow
|
Blew
|
Blown
|
Soplar
|
Break
|
Broke
|
Broken
|
Romper
|
Breed
|
Bred
|
Bred
|
Criar
|
Bring
|
Brought
|
Brought
|
Traer
Llevar
|
Broadcast
|
Broadcast
|
Broadcast
|
Radiar
|
Build
|
Built
|
Built
|
Edificar
|
Burn
|
Burnt
/Burned
|
Burnt /
Burned
|
Quemar
|
Burst
|
Burst
|
Burst
|
Reventar
|
Buy
|
Bought
|
Bought
|
Comprar
|
Cast
|
Cast
|
Cast
|
Arrojar
|
Catch
|
Caught
|
Caught
|
Coger
|
Come
|
Came
|
Come
|
Venir
|
Cost
|
Cost
|
Cost
|
Costar
|
Cut
|
Cut
|
Cut
|
Cortar
|
Choose
|
Chose
|
Chosen
|
Elegir
|
Cling
|
Clung
|
Clung
|
Agarrarse
|
Creep
|
Crept
|
Crept
|
Arrastrarse
|
Deal
|
Dealt
|
Dealt
|
Tratar
|
Dig
|
Dug
|
Dug
|
Cavar
|
Do (Does)
|
Did
|
Done
|
Hacer
|
Draw
|
Drew
|
Drawn
|
Dibujar
|
Dream
|
Dreamt /
Dreamed
|
Dreamt /
Dreamed
|
Soñar
|
Drink
|
Drank
|
Drunk
|
Beber
|
Drive
|
Drove
|
Driven
|
Conducir
|
Eat
|
Ate
|
Eaten
|
Comer
|
Fall
|
Fell
|
Fallen
|
Caer
|
Feed
|
Fed
|
Fed
|
Alimentar
|
Feel
|
Felt
|
Felt
|
Sentir
|
Fight
|
Fought
|
Fought
|
Luchar
|
Find
|
Found
|
Found
|
Encontrar
|
Flee
|
Fled
|
Fled
|
Huir
|
Fly
|
Flew
|
Flown
|
Volar
|
Forbid
|
Forbade
|
Forbidden
|
Prohibir
|
Forget
|
Forgot
|
Forgotten
|
Olvidar
|
Forgive
|
Forgave
|
Forgiven
|
Perdonar
|
Freeze
|
Froze
|
Frozen
|
Helar
|
Get
|
Got
|
Got /
Gotten
|
Obtener
|
Give
|
Gave
|
Given
|
Dar
|
Go (Goes)
|
Went
|
Gone
|
Ir
|
Grow
|
Grew
|
Grown
|
Crecer
|
Grind
|
Ground
|
Ground
|
Moler
|
Hang
|
Hung
|
Hung
|
Colgar
|
Have
|
Had
|
Had
|
Haber o
Tener
|
Hear
|
Heard
|
Heard
|
Oir
|
Hide
|
Hid
|
Hidden
|
Ocultar
|
Hit
|
Hit
|
Hit
|
Golpear
|
Hold
|
Held
|
Held
|
Agarrar
Celebrar
|
Hurt
|
Hurt
|
Hurt
|
Herir
|
Keep
|
Kept
|
Kept
|
Conservar
|
Know
|
Knew
|
Known
|
Saber
Conocer
|
Kneel
|
Knelt
|
Knelt
|
Arrodillarse
|
Knit
|
Knit
|
Knit
|
Hacer
punto
|
Lay
|
Laid
|
Laid
|
Poner
|
Lead
|
Led
|
Led
|
Conducir
|
Lean
|
Leant
|
Leant
|
Apoyarse
|
Leap
|
Leapt
|
Leapt
|
Brincar
|
Learn
|
Learnt /
Learned
|
Learnt /
Learned
|
Aprender
|
Leave
|
Left
|
Left
|
Dejar
|
Lend
|
Lent
|
Lent
|
Prestar
|
Let
|
Let
|
Let
|
Permitir
|
Lie
|
Lay
|
Lain
|
Echarse
|
Light
|
Lit
|
Lit
|
Encender
|
Lose
|
Lost
|
Lost
|
Perder
|
Make
|
Made
|
Made
|
Hacer
|
Mean
|
Meant
|
Meant
|
Significar
|
Meet
|
Met
|
Met
|
Encontrar
|
Mistake
|
Mistook
|
Mistaken
|
Equivocar
|
Overcome
|
Overcame
|
Overcome
|
Vencer
|
Pay
|
Paid
|
Paid
|
Pagar
|
Put
|
Put
|
Put
|
Poner
|
Read
|
Read
|
Read
|
Leer
|
Ride
|
Rode
|
Ridden
|
Montar
|
Ring
|
Rang
|
Rung
|
Llamar
|
Rise
|
Rose
|
Risen
|
Levantarse
|
Run
|
Ran
|
Run
|
Correr
|
Say
|
Said
|
Said
|
Decir
|
See
|
Saw
|
Seen
|
Ver
|
Seek
|
Sought
|
Sought
|
Buscar
|
Sell
|
Sold
|
Sold
|
Vender
|
Send
|
Sent
|
Sent
|
Enviar
|
Set
|
Set
|
Set
|
Poner(se)
|
Sew
|
Sewed
|
Sewed /
Sewn
|
Coser
|
Shake
|
Shook
|
Shaken
|
Sacudir
|
Shear
|
Shore
|
Shorn
|
Esquilar
|
Shine
|
Shone
|
Shone
|
Brillar
|
Shoot
|
Shot
|
Shot
|
Disparar
|
Show
|
Showed
|
Shown
|
Mostrar
|
Shrink
|
Shrank
|
Shrunk
|
Encogerse
|
Shut
|
Shut
|
Shut
|
Cerrar
|
Sing
|
Sang
|
Sung
|
Cantar
|
Sink
|
Sank
|
Sunk
|
Hundir
|
Sit
|
Sat
|
Sat
|
Sentarse
|
Sleep
|
Slept
|
Slept
|
Dormir
|
Slide
|
Slid
|
Slid
|
Resbalar
|
Smell
|
Smelt
|
Smelt
|
Oler
|
Sow
|
Sowed
|
Sowed /
Sown
|
Sembrar
|
Speak
|
Spoke
|
Spoken
|
Hablar
|
Speed
|
Sped
|
Sped
|
Acelerar
|
Spell
|
Spelt
|
Spelt
|
Deletrear
|
Spend
|
Spent
|
Spent
|
Gastar
|
Spill
|
Spilt /
Spilled
|
Spilt /
Spilled
|
Derramar
|
Spin
|
Spun
|
Spun
|
Hilar
|
Spit
|
Spat
|
Spat
|
Escupir
|
Split
|
Split
|
Split
|
Hender /
partir / rajar
|
Spoil
|
Spoilt /
Spoiled
|
Spoilt /
Spoiled
|
Estropear
|
Spread
|
Spread
|
Spread
|
Extender
|
Spring
|
Sprang
|
Sprung
|
Saltar
|
Stand
|
Stood
|
Stood
|
Estar en
pie
|
Steal
|
Stole
|
Stolen
|
Robar
|
Stick
|
Stuck
|
Stuck
|
Pegar
Engomar
|
Sting
|
Stung
|
Stung
|
Picar
|
Stink
|
Stank/Stunk
|
Stunk
|
Apestar
|
Stride
|
Strode
|
Stridden
|
Dar
zancadas
|
Strike
|
Struck
|
Struck
|
Golpear
|
Swear
|
Swore
|
Sworn
|
Jurar
|
Sweat
|
Sweat
|
Sweat
|
Sudar
|
Sweep
|
Swept
|
Swept
|
Barrer
|
Swell
|
Swelled
|
Swollen
|
Hinchar
|
Swim
|
Swam
|
Swum
|
Nadar
|
Swing
|
Swung
|
Swung
|
Columpiarse
|
Take
|
Took
|
Taken
|
Coger
|
Teach
|
Taught
|
Taught
|
Enseñar
|
Tear
|
Tore
|
Torn
|
Rasgar
|
Tell
|
Told
|
Told
|
Decir
|
Think
|
Thought
|
Thought
|
Pensar
|
Throw
|
Threw
|
Thrown
|
Arrojar
Tirar
|
Thrust
|
Thrust
|
Thrust
|
Introducir
|
Tread
|
Trod
|
Trodden
|
Pisar,
hollar
|
Understand
|
Understood
|
Understood
|
Entender
|
Undergo
|
Underwent
|
Undergone
|
Sufrir
|
Undertake
|
Undertook
|
Undertaken
|
Emprender
|
Wake
|
Woke
|
Woken
|
Despertarse
|
Wear
|
Wore
|
Worn
|
Llevar
puesto
|
Weave
|
Wove
|
Woven
|
Tejer
|
Weep
|
Wept
|
Wept
|
Llorar
|
Wet
|
Wet
|
Wet
|
Mojar
|
Win
|
Won
|
Won
|
Ganar
|
Wind
|
Wound
|
Wound
|
Enrollar
|
Withdraw
|
Withdrew
|
Withdrawn
|
Retirarse
|
Wring
|
Wrung
|
Wrung
|
Torcer
|
Write
|
Wrote
|
Written
|
Escribir
|
Verb Tenses
The formulas for conjugating various verb tenses are listed below along with an explanation of when to use each verb tense.
►Simple Present: base form of the verb (for third-person singular, add –s or –es).
- Use to describe customary or habitual actions, and general truths. I walk to school every day. (habitual action) The earth is round. (general truth)
►Present Progressive: am / is / are + present participle (-ing).
- Use to describe actions occurring now, in the present time. I am wearing my new raincoat.
►Present Perfect: have / has + past participle.
- Use to describe actions that began in the past and continue to the present with the sense that it will continue in the future. John has worked at the bookstore since last summer.
- Use to describe actions that occurred more than once, or repeatedly, in the past. Bruce has sung at every concert held at the school.
- Use to describe actions that happened at an unknown past time. Our friends have travelled to Paris.
- Use to describe a completed action given extra emphasis. Yes, we have studied for the test.
- Use to describe a recent action given extra emphasis. The boys have just found the coins.
►Present Perfect Progressive: have / has + been + present participle (-ing).
- Use to describe actions that have been performed recently. I have been picking cherries.
- Use to describe actions that have started in the past, and have continued into the present. I have been walking for two hours.
►Simple Past: base form + -ed for regular verbs. Many verbs have an irregular past-tense form. To find the past-tense form of a verb, look up its base form in your dictionary.
- Use to describe actions that took place at a specific time in the past. I ate breakfast yesterday.
- Use to describe actions that occurred over a period of time in the past, but are no longer occurring in the present. I sang every day when I was in high school.
►Past Progressive: was / were + present participle (-ing).
- Use to describe an action that was occurring at a specific point in time in the past. Dave was taking a shower when the phone rang.
- Use to describe an action that lasted for a period of time in the past. Yannick was dancing while Adrian was playing his guitar.
►Past Perfect: had + past participle.
- Use to describe an action that was completed by a definite time, or before another action was completed in the past. I had finished dinner by six o’clock. After he had stepped on the nail, his foot began to hurt.
►Past Perfect Progressive: had + been + present participle (-ing).
- Use to emphasise the duration of an action that was completed before another action in the past. Laura had been waiting for the bus for twenty minutes when it finally arrived.
►Simple Future: will / shall + base form.
- Use to describe actions that are expected to take place after the present. Regan will sing at the concert on Friday.
►Future Progressive: will + be + present participle (-ing).
- Use to describe actions that will be in progress in the future. I will be cheering loudly when The Ruttles walk onstage.
►Future Perfect: will + have + past participle.
- Use to describe actions that will be completed before another future action, or before a specific future time. The Smiths will have painted their house before you arrive. Natalie will have eaten five donuts by the end of the night.
►Future Perfect Progressive: will + have + been + present participle (-ing).
- Use to describe actions that have been in progress for a period of time in the future before another event or time in the future. As of May, Adrian will have been playing in the band for twenty years.
http://www.sdc.uwo.ca/writing/online_writing_lab/handouts/pdf/Verb%20Tenses.pdf
THE FIVE LEXICAL CATEGORIES ARE:
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
Articles
Preposition
Articles
Preposition
A NOUN generally indicates a person, place or thing. For instance, chair, table, and book are nouns since they refer to things. Also, a noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea. Whatever exists, we assume, can be named, and that name is a noun. A proper noun, which names a specific person, place, or thing (Carlos, Queen Marguerite, Middle East, Jerusalem, Malaysia, Presbyterianism, God, Spanish, Buddhism, the Republican Party), is almost always capitalized. A proper noun used as an addressed person's name is called a noun of address.
Nouns can be classified further as count nouns, which name anything that can be counted (four books, two continents, a few dishes, a dozen buildings); mass nouns (or non-count nouns), which name something that can't be counted (water, air, energy, blood); and collective nouns, which can take a singular form but are composed of more than one individual person or items (jury, team, class, committee, herd)
Examples:http://www.k12reader.com/nouns/nouns.pdf
VERBS:
Any member of a class of words that function asthe main elements of predicates, that typicallyexpress action, state, or a relation between twothings, and that may be inflected for tense,aspect, voice, mood, and to show agreement withtheir subject or object.
The key word in most sentences, the word that revealswhat is happening, is the verb. It can declaresomething ( You ran), ask a question ( Did you run?),convey a command ( Run faster!), or express a wish (May this good weather last!) or a possibility ( If youhad run well, you might have won; if you run bettertomorrow, you may win). You cannot have a completeEnglish sentence without at least one verb.
ADVERBS AND ADJECTIVES:
Are semantically very similar in that both modify another element. They describe a quality of another word: quick/ly, nice/ly, etc. As just mentioned, the main syntactic distinction is as expressed in:
An adjective modifies a noun
An adverb modifies a verb and (a degree adverb) an adjective, or adverb
Since an adjective modifies a noun, the quality it describes will be those appropriate to a noun, e.g. nationality (American, Dutch, Iranian), size (big, large, thin), color (red, yellow, blue), or character trait (happy, fortunate, lovely, pleasant, obnoxious). Adverbs typically modify actions and will then provide information typical of those, e.g. manner (wisely, fast), or duration (frequently, often), or speaker attitude (fortunately). When adverbs modify adjectives or other adverbs, they are typically degree adverbs (very, so, too).
The plant is small.
A niceflower is on the table.
This pig is very precious.
Horsesrun very quickly.
Generally speaking, an adverb is formed from an adjective by adding –ly for example: horses run very quickly. However, be careful with this morphological distinction: not all adverbs end in -ly and some adjectives end in -ly.
ARTICLES:
Basically, an article is an adjective. Like adjectives, articles modify nouns.
English has two articles: the and a/an.
The is used to refer to specific or particular nouns
A/an is used to modify non-specific or non-particular nouns. We call the the definite article anda/an the indefinite article.
the = definite article
a/an = indefinite article
the = definite article
a/an = indefinite article
PREPOSITIONS often express place or time (at, in, on, before), direction (to, from, into, down), or relation (of, about, with, like, as, near). They are invariable in form. In a sentence, they usually occur before a noun. For example:
With their books about biology, they went to school.
PREPOSITIONS are words which begin prepositional phrases.A prepositional phrase is a group of words containing a preposition, a noun or pronoun object of the preposition, and any modifiers of the object.
A preposition sits in front of (is “pre-positioned” before) its object.
The following words are the most commonly used prepositions:
about
|
below
|
excepting
|
off
|
toward
|
above
|
beneath
|
for
|
on
|
under
|
across
|
beside(s)
|
from
|
onto
|
underneath
|
after
|
between
|
in
|
out
|
until
|
against
|
beyond
|
in front
of
|
outside
|
up
|
along
|
but
|
inside
|
over
|
upon
|
among
|
by
|
in spite
of
|
past
|
up to
|
around
|
concerning
|
instead
of
|
regarding
|
with
|
at
|
despite
|
into
|
since
|
within
|
because
of
|
down
|
like
|
through
|
without
|
before
|
during
|
near
|
throughout
|
withregard
to
|
behind
|
except
|
of
|
to
|
withrespect
to
|
More information:
http://137.122.14.100/academic/arts/writcent/hypergrammar/verbs.html
http://www.azed.gov/english-language-learners/files/2013/09/pell-meeting-on-09-13-13-verb-tense-study-2.0.pdf
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